A beautifully engraved and exceptionally rare Galezowski tubular ophthalmoscope dating to around 1870, presented in its original fitted leather case with rich orange velvet lining. This is the first of several ophthalmoscope designs invented by Galezowski, and it stands as one of the most ornate and collectible instruments in the history of ophthalmic science.
The instrument is engraved with the maker’s mark: “Ophthalmoscope du Dr. Galezowski, Robert et Collin à Paris, No. 171, Breveté s.g.d.g.” The manufacturer, Robert et Collin à Paris, was the successor to the famous Maison Charrière — one of the most celebrated surgical instrument makers in France — since 1866. According to Davis and Dreyfuss, the firm published a catalogue in 1867; by 1876 the name had already changed to Collin & Cie, which helps to date this instrument to around 1870 with considerable confidence.
Xavier Galezowski (1832–1907) was a prominent ophthalmologist who practiced in Paris throughout the 19th century. Originally from Ukraine, he became one of the leading figures in French ophthalmology and invented several ophthalmoscope designs over the course of his career, of which this tubular model was the first. The tubular form was designed to control and focus the light entering the eye, offering a more precise examination than earlier open-mirror designs.
This is a museum-quality instrument of the highest historical and aesthetic significance — a masterpiece of 19th century French scientific instrument making in superb original condition.
