Liebreich Military Ophthalmoscopes
These Liebreich Military Ophthalmoscopes represent the most simple and practical type of non-self-illuminating ophthalmoscope ever produced. This set was designed by Dr. Richard Liebreich specifically for the military medical services in 1910. The set is presented in its original fitted case with striking red velvet lining — remarkably well preserved for instruments of this age and purpose.
Richard Liebreich
Richard Liebreich (1830–1917) was one of the most distinguished ophthalmologists of the 19th century. He is best known as the first iconographer of the fundus oculi — the back of the eye. His atlas of ophthalmoscopic illustrations, published in 1863, was the first systematic visual record of retinal appearances in health and disease. His military ophthalmoscope design reflects his lifelong commitment to making eye examination practical and accessible.
What Is in the Set
The box contains two military ophthalmoscopes with their mirrors and two condensing lenses. The mirrors show no deterioration. One is a plane mirror and the other is a concave mirror. Both are made of glass with silvered backs and a central hole. The two metal-rimmed condensing lenses are 12 diopters and 20 diopters of power respectively. The ophthalmoscopes are 8 inches long. The lenses are 1.5 inches across.
Unsigned and Unattributed
The two military ophthalmoscopes, lenses, and box are all unsigned. They are in excellent condition. The absence of a maker’s mark is consistent with military procurement practice of the period — function was paramount and maker’s branding secondary.
Collectibility
A complete and well-preserved Liebreich military ophthalmoscope set is a rare find. Its direct connection to one of the founding figures of fundus imaging gives it exceptional historical significance beyond its practical interest.
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